Qiqihar is the second-largest city in the Heilongjiang province of China, located in the west-central part of the province. The built-up area made up of Longsha, Tiefeng and Jianhua districts had 979,517 inhabitants, while the total population of the prefecture-level city was 5,367,003 at the 2010 census. It is about 146 m above sea level and the annual rainfall is 415 mm. The average temperature is 3.2°C (January – 25.7°C, July 22.8°C). Qiqihar is a principal Chinese city, the second-largest in Heilongjiang Province and the 13th largest in China (based on total population).
Historical, Cultural facts & Religion
Qiqihar was established as the capital of Heilongjiang Province after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. However, since Songjiang Province was merged into Heilongjiang Province, the provincial capital was transferred to Harbin in 1954. The Uighurs, a Turkic people who live primarily in the autonomous region of Xinjiang in northwest China, are also predominantly Muslim. There about ten million Uighurs in this region, making up approximately half of its population.
Brief City History
Qiqihar is one of the oldest cities in the northeast of China. The region was originally settled by nomadic Daur and Tungus herdsmen. Qiqihar is a Daur word, which means border or natural pasture. The city’s original name was Bukui , the Chinese transcription of a Daur word meaning “auspicious”. The city’s oldest mosque, the Bukui Mosque, predates the foundation of the city by seven years. As the Czarist Russian eastward advances to the Pacific coast, Qiqihar became a major garrison centre in 1674. In 1691, a stronghold was constructed in Qiqihar because of the Qing government’s campaigns against the Mongols. Around 1700 it was a centre for Russo-Chinese trade. A military depot with barracks and an arsenal was set up there, and many convicted criminals were exiled to the area. Heilongjiang Martial domiciled in Qiqihar City in 1699. The Qing Dynasty had initially intended to keep far-northern Heilongjiang province as a semi-pastoral area, separate from the wider Chinese agricultural economy, so it did not allow seasonal urban migrants, such as those from Hebei and Shandong who wished to participate in the Qiqihar fur trade, to own acres and transform the land. After the Russian Empire seized Outer Manchuria according to the unequal treaties of Aigun and Beijing, the Qing made the decision to lift the various restrictions it placed on Northeast China and on Heilongjiang residency in particular, in 1868, 1878, and 1904. It enlisted Han Chinese to help to teach the local Solon people farming techniques, providing materials and tax exemptions to convert them from hunting. In 1903, The completion of the Chinese Eastern Railway made Qiqihar a centre for communications between China and Russia. A network of lines radiating from Qiqihar was extended into the north-western part of Heilongjiang Province including Jiagedaqi and Manzhouli in the late 1920s.
Language (s) Written & Spoken
Most Manchus now speak Mandarin Chinese. According to data from UNESCO, there are 19 native speakers of Manchu out of a total of nearly 10 million ethnic Manchus.
Important Types of Commerce in Qiqihar
Major industries include mining and ore processing, iron and steel, aluminium, coal, machinery, armaments, textiles and apparel, petroleum, cement, chemical, fertilizers, food processing, automobiles and other transportation equipment including rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft.
Language Services US and others will provide working with Qiqihar
Brochure, website, pamphlet, business card and important business literature with Mandarin Chinese translation will impress a Qiqihar business person. Certified translation creates a legally binding record recognized by Qiqihar directories, ministries, officials, courts and academic universities and institutions. All documents should also be translated into Mandarin Chinese to be considered by the ministry of foreign affairs in the company’s country of origin, and the Qiqihar ministry of foreign affairs.
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