Jingzhou is a prefecture-level city in southern Hubei, China, located on the banks of the Yangtze River. Based on the 2010 census, its total population was 5,691,707, 1,154,086 of whom resided in the built-up area comprising the two urban districts. Jingzhou occupies an area of 14,067 square kilometres (5,431 sq. mi) with a topography rising from east to west. It is covered by a dense network of waterways, as well as lakes, and is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River on the Jianghan Plain.
Historical, Cultural facts & Religion
Jingzhou or Jing Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China referenced in Chinese historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou. Jingzhou became an administrative division during the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BCE) in the Western Han dynasty (206 BCE–9 CE). It was originally one of the birthplaces of the culture of Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC-476 BC) and Warring State Period (476 BC-220 BC), which left extremely valuable cultural relics from their 400 plus years’ reign equally comparable with the ancient Greek and Roman culture.
Brief City History
Jingzhou, Wade-Giles romanization Ching-chou, formerly Shashi, city and river port, southern Hubei sheng (province), south-central China. It is located on the north bank of the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang) near Lake Chang. The city was established in 1994 by combining what was then the city of Shashi with Jiangling county and the former Jingzhou prefecture; the name was changed to Jingzhou in 1996. Shashi had been a communications centre from an early date, with routes leading north to Xiangfan, east to Wuhan, and west to Yichang. It was an important port in the state of Chu from the 6th century BCE onward and was known as Jiangjin at the time. Historically, the town of Shashi was part of Jiangling county and at one time was also the county seat. By the end of the Tang dynasty (618–907), the area had become a thriving tea market. Shashi grew in importance in the 1850s and ’60s, when the occupation of many of the lower Yangtze ports by rebels during the Taiping Rebellion (1850–64) brought it new prosperity. When Shashi was opened to foreign trade in 1896, it began to flourish as a commercial centre and transhipment port and subsequently outstripped the neighbouring town of Jingzhou, which had suffered serious damage during the 1911 revolution. With excellent waterway communications in Hubei, it also drew trade from much of northern Hunan province west of Dongting Lake, as well as from eastern Sichuan province, and it exported quantities of cotton, grain, beans, and oilseeds.
The area had always been the centre of a handicraft-textile industry, which was developed in the 18th century on a large scale during the Qing dynasty (1644–1911/12), with Jiangling satins being especially famous. In the early years of the 20th century, a large cotton-weaving and spinning factory was set up in Shashi. Since 1949 this industry has been expanded on a considerable scale. The city also produces large quantities of cotton yarn and finished textiles, which supply the local needs of the province and are also shipped elsewhere. Other products include machinery, automobile parts, chemicals, processed foods, and building materials. In addition to Jingzhou’s important river port along the Yangtze, expressways and a bridge across the Yangtze provide the city with easy access to Hubei’s other major cities. A branch rail line connects the city to the truck railway north at Jingmen. The local airport has domestic flights to several major cities. Pop. (2002 est.) 619,170; (2007 est.) urban agglom., 956,000.
Language (s) Written & Spoken
Wu language. Wu language, variety of Chinese dialects spoken in Shanghai, in south-eastern Jiangsu province, and in Zhejiang province by more than 8 percent of the population of China (some 85 million people) at the turn of the 21st century.
Important Types of Commerce in Jingzhou
Jinzhou has a wide range of industries. Major traditional industries include petrochemistry, metallurgy, textiles, pharmacy and building materials.
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