Hiroshima, a modern city on Japan’s Honshu Island, was largely destroyed by an atomic bomb during World War II. Today, Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park commemorates the 1945 event. In the park are the ruins of Genbaku Dome, one of the few buildings that was left standing near ground zero. Other prominent sites include Shukkei-en, a formal Japanese garden, and Hiroshima Castle, a fortress surrounded by a moat and a park. Hiroshima, city, capital of Hiroshima ken (prefecture), southwestern Honshu, Japan. It lies at the head of Hiroshima Bay, an embayment of the Inland Sea. On August 6, 1945, Hiroshima became the first city in the world to be struck by an atomic bomb.
Historical, Cultural facts & Religion
On August 6, 1945, during World War II (1939-45), an American B-29 bomber dropped the world’s first deployed atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima. The explosion wiped out 90 percent of the city and immediately killed 80,000 people; tens of thousands more would later die of radiation exposure. Hiroshima is a mid-sized Japanese city on the southern coast of Japan, across from the island of Shikoku. It is best known in popular culture as the location of the first nuclear bomb drop with human casualties. The growth of Hiroshima as a city continued after the First World War, as the city now attracted the attention of the Catholic Church, and on May 4, 1923, an Apostolic Vicar was appointed for that city.
Brief City History
The majority of the current area of Hiroshima City was under the sea, with the seawater reaching farther inland along the lower reaches of the present-day Ota River, forming a bay. However, relics from the Jomon period have been found in places such as Ushita, Yano, Itsukaichi, and Hijiyama, which was an island in Hiroshima bay, and ruins dating to the Yayoi period have been discovered in Nakayama and Kami-Fukawa. Given the fact that artefacts (such as bronze swords in Omoji and bronze bells, swords and dagger axes in Fukuda) dating from the late Yayoi period have been found, it is assumed that ancient Hiroshima was part of an area where two cultural zones, Kinki to the east and Kita-Kyushu to the west, came into contact with each other. Ruins and ancient burial mounds from the Kofun period have been discovered distributed mainly around Asakita-ku and Asaminami-ku with the most well-known being the Nakaoda Kofun (ancient tomb) in Kuchita, and Unagiyama Kofun and Jinguyama Kofun in Midorii. Under the Ritsuryo system, regional governance was mostly the responsibility of the provincial administrative agency. In Aki Province, the ancient name of Hiroshima Prefecture, the provincial government offices were thought to be located in the Saijo basin or Fuchu-Cho in Aki-gun. It has been confirmed that in the middle of the Heian period, administrative offices existed in Fuchu-Cho, and Mita-go of Shiraki-Cho and other towns were related to the provincial administrative agency. As the Ritsuryo system gradually declined in power, royalty and aristocracy, as well as temples and shrines, came to possess manor estates, and in the late eighth century, Hiroshima saw the establishment of Ushita Manor of the Saidaiji fiefdom as well as the Kabe Manor (in Kabe), Miiri Manor (in Miiri) and Tato Manor (near Kuchita).In the area near Yamamoto in the Gion district (in those days near the mouth of the Ota River) there was land used for storing goods that were transported from the inland manor estate of the Itsukushima Shrine.
After the Jokyu War (1221), the Takeda clan, the newly appointed Shugo (governor) of Aki Province, situated their government at Kanayama Castle.
A market soon developed around the castle environs, and as it became an increasingly active place, it also drew political activity away from the former centre of Fuchu to the Kanayama Castle area. During the Namboku-cho period, the Takeda clan, at the invitation of the shogun Takauji Ashikaga, became allied with the Mori, Kikkawa, Kumagai and other clans, and had violent disputes in the power struggle against those opposing the shogunate at Yano Castle and other locales. During the Muromachi period, the Takeda clan was removed from power as the provincial shugo, but at the beginning of the 15th century, it was reinstated to govern over the Ota River area. During this same time period, earth and sand carried down the Ota River began to accumulate, creating levees and embankments in the area of present-day Hiroshima City, and gradually formed a delta.An area called Gokaura, adjacent to the Itsukushima Shrine’s Ama Manor (near Yano), appears in a document dating to 1397 that includes mention of the delta shape, already visible at that time. The Takeda clan fell into ruin in 1541, and in their place, the stature of the Mori clan continued to grow in prominence. Later, the Mori clan’s defeat of the Sue clan during the Battle of Itsukushima in 1555 led to even more rapid growth in stature for the clan. When Hideyoshi Toyotomi took control of the country, a member of the Mori clan came to be daimyo (feudal lord) under his administration, possessing most of the Chugoku district and earning 1.12 million Goku (the daimyo’s income in units of rice). The main centre for administration of their vast territories was located at the home base of the Mori clan in Yoshida-Koriyama Castle in Takata-gun, Aki Province, but it later became necessary to move the clan base to a location that was better situated in regards to land and marine transportation from military, political and economic perspectives.
Language (s) Written & Spoken
The Chūgoku dialect ( Chūgoku hōgen) is a group of the Japanese dialects spoken in most of the Chūgoku region and in the north-western Kansai region. It may be separated into two groups according to the form of the copula.
Important Types of Commerce in Hiroshima
Industries in Hiroshima include the production of steel, automobiles, rubber, chemicals, ships, and transport machinery. The city is Japan’s major supplier of needles. Hiroshima’s largest industry is the manufacture of cars (Mazda), car parts and industrial equipment.
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